PROBLEM
1. VERBS THAT REQUIRE AN INFINITIVE OR –ING FORM IN THE COMPLEMENT
a) Verbs that require infinitive
|
agree |
hope |
promise |
|
attempt |
hope |
propose |
|
claim |
intend |
refuse |
|
decide |
learn |
|
|
demand |
mean |
seem |
|
expect |
need |
tend |
|
fail |
offer |
try |
|
forget |
plan |
want |
|
have |
prepare |
want |
|
hesitate |
pretend |
wish |
|
SUBJECT + |
VERB + (ANY FORM) |
VERB AS COMPLEMENT + INFINITIVE |
MODIFIER |
|
I |
have decided |
to learn |
English since last year |
b) Verbs that require gerund (-ing form)
|
admit |
mind |
resent |
|
appreciate |
miss |
resist |
|
avoid |
postpone |
resume |
|
can’t help |
practice |
risk |
|
consider |
quit |
stop |
|
deny |
recall |
suggest |
|
enjoy |
regret |
|
|
finish |
report |
|
|
SUBJECT+ |
VERB+ |
GERUND + |
MODIFIER |
|
I |
can’t risk |
going |
alone. |
c) Verbs that use either (infinite or gerund) and the sentence has the same meaning
|
begin |
like |
|
can’t stand |
love |
|
continue |
prefer |
|
hate |
start |
|
SUBJECT+ |
VERB+ |
GERUND |
MODIFIER (same meaning) |
|
SUBJECT+ |
VERB+ |
INFINITIVE |
MODIFIER (same meaning) |
|
He |
likes |
to go |
to the summer parties. |
|
He |
likes |
going |
to the summer parties. |
d) Verbs that use either (infinitive or gerund) and the sentence has a different meaning
|
stop |
remember |
forget |
|
SUBJECT+ |
VERB+ |
GERUND |
MODIFIER (different meaning) |
|
SUBJECT+ |
VERB+ |
INFINITIVE |
MODIFIER (different meaning) |
|
He |
stopped |
studying. |
(forever) |
|
He |
stopped |
to study. |
(to do something else) |
e) Verb Phases + gerund (-ing)
|
approve of |
forget about |
look forward to |
|
be better of |
get through |
object to |
|
can’t help |
insist on |
think about |
|
count on |
keep on |
think of |
|
do not mind |
|
|
|
SUBJECT+ |
VERB PHRASE |
GERUND+ |
MODIFIER |
|
He |
has been looking forward |
to meeting |
you. |
f) Verb + Preposition + gerund (-ing)
Prepositions:
of, at, in, without, in spite of, because of, on account of, out of, through, from, owing to, as a result of, thanks to, by virtue of, by means of, in exchange for, in return for, on the strength of, in view of, in the light of, in the face of, for fear of, for lack of, for want of, with.
|
SUBJECT+ |
VERB+ |
PREPOSITION + |
GERUND + |
MODIFIER |
|
He |
drives |
without |
looking |
back. |
g) Adjectives + infinitive
|
able |
difficult |
pleased |
|
anxious |
eager |
prepared |
|
boring |
easy |
ready |
|
common |
good |
strange |
|
dangerous |
hard |
usual |
|
SUBJECT+ |
BE+ |
ADJETIVE+ |
INFINITIVE |
|
It |
is |
dangerous |
to drive without a belt. |
NOTE: The verb capable has the same meaning of “able” but it appears in this form:
Capable+ of+ verb-ing
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